Intermolecular attractions
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Bond energy

Chemical bonding is not limited to atoms within molecules. Intermolecular bonding describes forces of attraction between molecules. Attractions between molecules are caused by regions of net charge within the molecules themselves. These regions of net charge may be semi-permanent due to electronegativity effects on electron distribution, or the regions may be exist only for an instant due to the motion of the electrons. The basis of determining the predominant forces of attraction between molecules of any substance is first analyzing its structure and then determining the molecule's polarity.

The primary task is predicting molecular polarity.

Intermolecular Force Strength Types of Molecules Exhibiting this Force
Van derWaals Forces weak nonpolar
Dipole Interactions strong polar
Hydrogen bonding very strong polar molecules which contain H bonded to N, O, or F

Hydrogen bonding is also covered in the Water and Solutions course.

Polarity and hydrogen bonding ability also largely determine solubility, especially in aqueous solutions.

Quiz 1M Quiz 2R Quiz 3R Quiz 4C Quiz 5X
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