Estimation can be a very valuable technique in the laboratory especially when using instruments. If measurements are first estimated, the scientist takes a closer look when outcomes are not close to estimated values.

After careful scrutiny, the causes of discrepancies may be determined. Common causes of discrepancies are omission of a dilution step, incorrect units, recording errors (perhaps a misplaced decimal), calibration problems, and with instruments the computer determination of baselines.

Experienced analysts can estimate concentrations from colors, masses from sample volumes, and concentrations from visual observation of areas of peaks. Analysts are encouraged to use these skills at all times to corroborate the more precise instrument measurements. That is, they are encouraged to think about the numbers and what they mean. Is the information consistent?